The consumption of ultra-processed foods is determinant in the obesity development
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20873/abef.2595-0096v4n2p142149Keywords:
Nutritional status, Non communicable chronic disease, Risk factor, Public healthAbstract
INTRODUCTION: The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) increases the risk for obesity development; however, the size and impact of this risk has not yet been quantified. OBJECTIVE: To determine the magnitude of UPF consumption in transition of nutritional status of overweight for obesity. METHODS: This observational study was conducted from the data of 15.024 adults of 18 to 59 years (Women: 56%), of the project Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL) of 2019. The nutritional status was determined through the body mass index (BMI). Values of BMI between 25 to 29.99 kg/m2 were classified as overweight (n=9618), and when ≥30kg/m2, they are obese (n=5406). The consumption of UPF was considered low (<9 units/day) or high (≥10 units/day). The risk factors: age, sex, scholarity, consumption <9 minimally processed foods (MPF), physical inactivity (≤150min/week of moderate to vigorous intensity), screen time per day, consumption of alcohol (yes/no), weekly consumption of tobacco (n° of cigarettes/week), high blood pressure (systolic >120mm/Hg and/or diastolic >80mm/Hg) and hyperglycemia (≥126mg/dL) were introduced on model of binary logistic regression for the calculus of Odds Ratio (OR) occurrence. RESULTS: The analysis showed that consumption of ≥10 UPF increases in 37% the odd of occurrence of obesity, regardless of other risk factors as: physical inactivity (OR=+26,1%), screen time (OR=+6,5%), consumption of ≥10 MPF (OR=-59%), absence of high-pressure levels (OR=-52,6%), of hyperglycemia (OR=-29,6%) and major scholarity (OR=-2,1%). CONCLUSION: The size of success in the intervention strategies for the prevention of obesity now is known. The effective intervention involves primarily factors like reduction of UPF consumption and increases of MPF consumption, with impact magnitude of 37% and 59% respectively.
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