OVERWEIGHT IN ADULTS IN A MUNICIPALITY OF MINAS GERAIS IN 2019 AND 2020
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20873/abef.2595-0096v4n2p113122Keywords:
Nutritional Status, Adult, Primary Health Care, COVID-19 pandemic.Abstract
Introduction: Excess weight is one of the risk factors for COVID-19, which can lead to the development of more severe manifestations of the disease. Overweight and obesity imply a condition of overweight, which is characterized by excessive accumulation of body fat and is mainly caused by inadequate nutrition and sedentary lifestyle. In 2020, with the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic, part of the population had to change their routine, starting to work in the home office, not exercising due to the closing of gyms, increasing the consumption of high-calorie food for delivery and alcohol. Objective: To present the nutritional status of adults (20 to 59 years old) monitored in Primary Health Care Units through the Nutritional Food Surveillance System - SISVAN in 2019 and 2020, the year the pandemic began. Method: Descriptive study. To classify the nutritional status of adults, the body mass index (BMI) for adults was used, which takes into account weight and height. To calculate the BMI, the weight (in kilograms) is divided by the height (in meters), squared. Overweight in adults was understood in this study as the sum of overweight, obesity I, II and III, that is, adults with a BMI greater than or equal to 25.0 kg/m². Results: In 2019, 5867 adults were monitored at SISVAN, which represents 4.5% of adults in the city, and 60.17% were overweight. In 2020, the year the COVID-19 pandemic began, 10523 follow-ups were registered at SISVAN, representing 8% of adults in the municipality, with 66.96% being overweight according to the BMI for adults, which represents an increase of 11 .3%. Conclusion: It is important to record the nutritional status of adults by SISVAN to ensure a better diagnosis of the prevalence of overweight, in order to know the real picture of this problem in the city, during and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, making it possible to trace new measures for coping with overweight, encouraging the adoption of exercise and changing eating habits.
References
World Health Organization - WHO. Obesity and overweight [Internet]. Genebra: World Health Organization; 2020 [cited 2020 Jan 15]. Available from: https://www.who.int/en/news-room/ fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight/
NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128•9 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet [Internet]. 2017 Dec [cited 2020 Oct 5];390(10113):2627-42. Available from: https:// doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32129-3
Organização Mundial da Saúde. Dia Mundial da Obesidade. Disponível online: https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/04-3-dia-mundial-da-obesidade/ (acessado 24/08/2021 22:30 )
Canella DS, Levy RB, Martins AP, Claro RM, Moubarac JC, Baraldi LG, et al. Ultra-processed food products and obesity in Brazilian households (2008-2009). PLoS One 2014; 9(3): e92752. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0092752
Louzada ML, Martins AP, Canella DS, Baraldi LG, Levy RB, Claro RM, et al. Alimentos ultraprocessados e perfil nutricional da dieta no Brasil. Rev Saúde Pública 2015; 49: 38. https://doi.org/10.1590/ S0034-8910.2015049006132
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde. Departamento de Atenção Básica. Orientações para a coleta e análise de dados antropométricos em serviços de saúde: Norma Técnica do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentare Nutricional. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2011. Disponível em: http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/portaldab/publicacoes/orientacoes_coleta analise_dados_antropometricos.pdf%20portaldab/documentos/errata_normatecnica_sisvan.p
World Health Organization (WHO). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Geneva: WHO; 2020 [cited 2020 Sep 10]. Available from: https://www.who.int/EMERGENCIES/DISEASES/NOVEL-CORONAVIRUS-2019
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde: Boletim epidemiológico especial. Brasília, DF: Ministério da Saúde, 2021
Pinto AJ, Dunstan DW, Owen N, Bonfá E, Gualano B. Combating physical inactivity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2020; 16(7):347-8.
Hallal PC, Andersen LB, Bull FC, Guthold R, Haskell W, Ekelund U; Lancet Physical Activity Series Working Group. Global physical activity levels: surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects. Lancet. 2012;380(9838):247-57. Review.
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Vigitel Brasil 2019: vigilância de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico. Brasília, DF: Ministério da Saúde, 2020
Nota de posicionamento da ACT sobre Vigitel 2020 e 2021.ACTBr,2021. Disponível em: < https://actbr.org.br/post/nota-de-posicionamento-da-act-sobre-vigitel-2020-e-2021/18908/>. Acesso em: 25 de ago. de 2021.
Organização Mundial da Saúde. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic. Disponível online: https: // www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019 (acessado em 10 de junho de 2021).
Organização Mundial da Saúde. Doença por Coronavírus (COVID-19) Conselhos ao Público. Disponível online:https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus2019/advice-for-public (acessado em 10 de junho de 2021)
Botero JP, Farah BQ, Correia MA, Lofrano-Prado MC, Cucato GG, Shumate G, et al. Impacto da permanência em casa e do isolamento social, em função da COVID-19, sobre o nível de atividade física e o comportamento sedentário em adultos brasileiros. einstein (São Paulo). 2021;19:eAE6156
Barros MBA, Francisco PMB, Zanchetta LM, César CLG. Tendências das desigualdades sociais e demográficas na prevalência de doenças crônicas no Brasil, PNAD: 2003- 2008. Ciênc Saúde Coletiva [Internet]. 2011 set [citado 2020 out 5];16(9):3755-68. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232011001000012
Yosaee S, Esteghamati A, Nazari Nasab M, Khosravi A, Alinavaz M, Hosseini B, et al. Diet quality in obese/ overweight individuals with/without metabolic syndrome compared to normal weight controls. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2016; 30: 376.
Martins AP, Levy RB, Claro RM, Moubarac JC, Monteiro CA. Participação crescente de produtos ultraprocessados na dieta brasileira (1987-2009). Rev Saúde Pública 2013; 47(4): 656-65. https://doi. org/10.1590/S0034-8910.2013047004968
Canella DS, Levy RB, Martins AP, Claro RM, Moubarac JC, Baraldi LG, et al. Ultra-processed food products and obesity in Brazilian households (2008-2009). PLoS One 2014; 9(3): e92752. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0092752
Andrade GC, da Costa Louzada ML, Azeredo CM, Ricardo CZ, Martins APB, Levy RB. Out-of-Home Food Consumers in Brazil: What do They Eat? Nutrients 2018; 10(2): 218. https://doi.org/10.3390/ nu10020218
Louzada ML, Martins AP, Canella DS, Baraldi LG, Levy RB, Claro RM, et al. Alimentos ultraprocessados e perfil nutricional da dieta no Brasil. Rev Saúde Pública 2015; 49: 38. https://doi.org/10.1590/ S0034-8910.2015049006132
Canhada SL, Luft VC, Giatti L, Duncan BB, Chor D, Fonseca MJMD, et al. Ultra-processed foods, incident overweight and obesity, and longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference: the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Public Health Nutr 2019; 23(6): 1076-86. https://doi. org/10.1017/S1368980019002854
Carvalho, D. et al. A pandemia da COVID-19 e as mudanças no estilo de vida dos brasileiros adultos: um estudo transversal, 2020. Epidemiol. Serv. Saúde 29 (4). 2020. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-49742020000400026
Bhutani S, Cooper JA. COVID-19 related home confinement in adults: weight gain risks and opportunities. Obesity (Silver Spring) [Internet]. 2020 May [cited 2020 Aug 11]. Available from: https://doi. org/10.1002/oby.22904
Sallis JF, Adlakha D, Oyeyemi A, Salvo D. An international physical activity and public health research agenda to inform COVID-19 policies and practices. J Sport Health Sci [Internet]. 2020 May [cited 2020 Aug 11]:9(4):328-34. Available from: https:// dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jshs.2020.05.005
Elliston KG, Ferguson SG, Schuz N, Schuz B. Situational cues and momentary food environment predict everyday eating behavior in adults with overweight and obesity. Health Psychol [Internet]. 2017 Apr [cited 2020 Aug 11];36(4):337-45. Available from: https://doi. org/10.1037/hea0000439
Lee IM, Shiroma EJ, Lobelo F, Puska P, Blair SN, Katzmarzyk PT; Lancet Physical Activity Series Working Group. Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy. Lancet. 2012;380(9838):219-29.
Kohl HW 3rd, Craig CL, Lambert EV, Inoue S, Alkandari JR, Leetongin G, Kahlmeier S; Lancet Physical Activity Series Working Group. The pandemic of physical inactivity: global action for public health. Lancet. 2012;380(9838):294-305. Review.
Ding D, Lawson KD, Kolbe-Alexander TL, Finkelstein EA, Katzmarzyk PT, van Mechelen W, Pratt M; Lancet Physical Activity Series 2 Executive Committee. The economic burden of physical inactivity: a global analysis of major noncommunicable diseases. Lancet. 2016;388(10051):1311-24.
Peçanha T, Goessler KF, Roschel H, Gualano B. Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic can increase physical inactivity and the global burden of cardiovascular disease. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol [Internet]. 2020 Jun [cited 2020 Aug 11];318(6):1441- 6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1152/ ajpheart.00268.2020
Salganick MJ, Heckathorn DD. Sampling and estimation in hidden populations using respondent-driven sampling. Social Methodol [Internet]. 2004 Dec [cited 2020 Aug 11];34(1):193-240. Available from: https:// doi.org/10.1111/j.0081-1750.2004.00152.x
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Proposal for Copyright Notice Creative Commons
1. Policy Proposal to Open Access Journals
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
A. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License that allows sharing the work with recognition of its initial publication in this journal.
B. Authors are able to take on additional contracts separately, non-exclusive distribution of the version of the paper published in this journal (ex .: publish in an institutional repository or as a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
C. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (eg .: in institutional repositories or on their website) at any point before or during the editorial process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as increase the impact and the citation of published work (See the Effect of Open Access).
